Now we will learn about the fifth module of our first unit “Sources of Population Data (World and India)” through these quick key facts
Sources of Population Data:
- Population Census: The population census is a comprehensive survey of the population of a country, which is conducted periodically. It provides information on the size, distribution, and characteristics of the population. The census is considered to be the most reliable source of population data.
- Vital registration: Vital registration refers to the systematic recording of births, deaths, and causes of death. It provides data on the number of births and deaths occurring in a population.
- Surveys: Surveys are conducted to collect data on specific topics related to the population, such as health, education, and employment.
- Administrative data: Administrative data are collected by government agencies and other organizations that provide services to the population. Examples of administrative data sources include birth and death records, immigration records, and tax records.
Indian Census:
The Indian census is a comprehensive survey of the Indian population, which is conducted every ten years by the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. The first census in India was conducted in 1872, and since then, the census has been conducted every ten years.
The Indian census collects data on a wide range of topics, including population size, sex ratio, literacy rate, and employment status. The census provides valuable information for policy planning and resource allocation.
Strengths and Weaknesses of Various Data Sources in India:
- Population Census: The population census is India’s most reliable source of population data. It provides comprehensive information on the population’s size, distribution, and characteristics. However, the census is conducted only once every ten years, and the data may become outdated between censuses.
- Vital Registration: Vital registration provides data on the number of births and deaths occurring in a population. However, the registration of births and deaths is not universal in India, particularly in rural areas, which may lead to underreporting.
- Surveys: Surveys provide detailed information on specific topics related to the population. However, surveys are expensive and time-consuming, and the sample size may not represent the entire population.
- Administrative Data: Administrative data are collected by government agencies and other organizations. However, administrative data may be incomplete or inaccurate, particularly in areas with poor infrastructure and governance.