Now we will learn about the fourth module of our first unit “Demographic Concepts & Components of Population Change” through these quick key facts
Basic Demographic Concepts: Demography is the study of human population dynamics. It includes the analysis of the size, structure, and distribution of populations, as well as the processes that affect population change. Some of the basic demographic concepts are:
- Population size: It refers to the total number of individuals in a population.
- Population density: It is the number of individuals per unit area.
- Birth rate: It is the number of live births per 1,000 individuals per year.
- Death rate: It is the number of deaths per 1,000 individuals per year.
- Life expectancy: It is the average number of years that an individual is expected to live.
Components of Population Change: Population change refers to the increase or decrease in the size of a population over time. The change in population size can be explained by three components:
- Births: The number of individuals born in a population during a given period.
- Deaths: The number of individuals who die in a population during a given period.
- Migration: The movement of individuals into or out of a population during a given period.
- Population change can be calculated using the following formula: Population change = (births + immigration) – (deaths + emigration)
- If the number of births and immigrants is greater than the number of deaths and emigrants, the population will increase. If the number of deaths and emigrants is greater than the number of births and immigrants, the population will decrease.